2:1. Alif-Lam-Mim.

2:2. This is the Book (the Qur’an), there is no doubt, a guidance to those who are conscious of Allah.

BELIEVERS

2:3. Who believe in the unseen  and establish prayer, and spend out of what we have provided for them. 

2:4. And who believe in what has been revealed to you, [O Muhammad], and what was revealed before you, and have strong faith in the life hereafter.

2:5. It is they who are ˹truly˺ guided by their Lord, and it is they who will be successful.

DISBELIEVERS

2:6. Verily, those who disbelieve, it is the same to them whether you (O Muhammad) warn them or do not warn them, they will not believe.

2:7. Allah has set a seal on their hearts and on their hearings, and on their eyes there is a covering. They will suffer tremendous punishment.

HYPOCRITES

2:8. And there are some (hypocrites) who say: “We believe in Allah and the Last Day” but  they are not ˹true˺ believers.

2:9. They deceive Allah and the believers. However, they have deceived no one but themselves, a fact of which they are not aware.

2:10. In their hearts is a disease (of doubt and hypocrisy) and Allah has increased their disease. And they will suffer a painful punishment as a result of the lie which they speak.

2:11. When they are told, “Do not spread corruption in the land,” they reply, “We are only peace-makers!”

2:12. They, certainly, are corrupt but do not realize it.

2:13. And when it is said to them (hypocrites): “Believe as others people have believed,” they say: “Shall we believe as the fools have believed?” Verily, they themselves are fools, but they do not know it.

2:14. And when they meet those who believe, they say: “We believe,” but when they are alone with their evil associates, they say: “Truly, we are with you; verily, we were only mocking.”

2:15. Allah mocks them and gives them an increase in their wrong-doings to wander blindly.

2: 16. They are the ones who trade guidance for misguidance. But this trade is profitless, and they are not ˹rightly˺ guided.

EXAMPLES OF HYPOCRITES

2:17. Their example is someone who kindled a fire; then, when the light grew bright around him, Allah took away their light and left them in darkness. (So) they could not see.

2:18. They are deaf, dumb, and blind, so they will never return (to the Right Path).

2:19 Or [it is] like a rainstorm from the sky within which is darkness, thunder and lightning. They put their fingers in their ears to keep out the stunning thunderclap for fear of death. But Allah is encompassing of the disbelievers.(i.e. Allah will gather them all together)

2:20. The lightning almost takes away their vision. When the lightning brightens their surroundings, they walk and when it is dark, they stand still. Had Allah wanted, He could have taken away their hearing and their vision. Allah has power over all things.

WORSHIP ALLAH ALONE

2:21. O mankind! Worship your Lord (Allah), Who created you and those who were before you so that you may become righteous.

2:22. Who has made the earth a resting place for you, and the sky as a canopy, and sent down water (rain) from the sky and caused fruits to grow as a provision for you. Do not knowingly set up anything as an equal to Allah.

CHALLENGE FROM ALLAH TO PRODUCE A SURAH

2:23. And if you are in doubt about what we have sent down (i.e. the Qur’an) to Our servant (Muhammad), then produce a Surah (chapter) like it and call your helpers other than Allah, if what you say is true.

2:24.But if you are unable to do so—and you will never be able to do so then fear the Fire (Hell) whose fuel is men and stones, prepared for the disbelievers.

GLAD TIDINGS TO BELIEVERS

2:25. And give glad tidings to those who believe and do righteous good deeds that for them will be Gardens under which rivers flow (Paradise). Every time they will be provided with a fruit, they will say: “This is what we were provided with before,” and they will be given things in resemblance (same form but different in taste) They will have pure spouses and they will be there forever.

EXAMPLE OF MOSQUITO

2:26. Verily, Allah is not shy to set forth an example even of a mosquito or what is even smaller. As for the believers, they know that it is the truth from their Lord. And as for the disbelievers, they argue, "What did Allah intend by this as an example?" Through this ˹TEST˺, He leaves many to stray, and guides many. And He leaves none to stray except the rebellious—

ALLAH TOOK OATH FROM US IN ALAM-E-ARWAH (SURAH AL- A'RAF 7:172)

2:27. Those who break Allah’s Covenant after it has been affirmed, and break whatever ties Allah  has ordered to be maintained and spread corruption on earth, it is they who are the losers.

ALLAH GAVE US 2 LIVES AND 2 DEATHS

2:28. How can you disbelieve in Allah? Seeing that you were dead and He gave you life. Then He will give you death, then again will bring you to life (on the Day of Resurrection) and then unto Him you will return.

2:29. It is He Who created for you all that is on earth. Then He Istawa (rose over) towards the heaven and made them seven heavens and He is the All-Knower of everything.

ALLAH TAUGHT PROPHET ADAM NAMES

2:30. And (remember) when your Lord said to the angels: “Verily, I am going to place (mankind) generations after generations on earth.” They said: “Will You place therein those who will make mischief and shed blood, – while we glorify You with praises and thanks and sanctify You.” He (Allah) said: “I know that which you do not know.”

2:31. And He taught Adam all the names (of everything) , then He showed them to the angels and said, “Tell Me the names of these if you are truthful.”

2:32. They (angels) said: “Glory be to You, we have no knowledge except what you have taught us. Verily, it is You, the All-Knower, the All-Wise.”

2:33. He said: “O Adam! Inform them of their names,” and when he had informed them of their names, He said: “Did I not tell you that I know the Ghaib (unseen) in the heavens and the earth, and I know what you reveal and what you have been concealing?”

ALLAH ASK ANGELS TO PROSTRATE ADAM

2:34. And (remember) when We said to the angels: “Prostrate yourselves before Adam.”. And they prostrated except Iblis (Satan), he refused and was proud and was one of the disbelievers 

2:35. And We said: “O Adam! Dwell you and your wife in the Paradise and eat both of you freely with pleasure and delight of things therein as wherever you will, but come not near this tree or you both will be of the Zalimun (wrong-doers).”

ADAM LISTENED TO SATAN AND ALLAH TOOK THEM OUT OF PARADISE

2:36. Then the Shaitan (Satan) made them slip therefrom (the Paradise), and got them out from that in which they were. We said: “Get you down, all, with enmity between yourselves. On earth will be a dwelling place for you and an enjoyment for a time.”

2:37. Then Adam received from his Lord Words . And his Lord pardoned him (accepted his repentance). Verily, He is the One Who forgives (accepts repentance), the Most Merciful.

2:38. We said: “Get down all of you from this place (the Paradise), then whenever there comes to you Guidance from Me, and whoever follows My Guidance, there shall be no fear on them, nor shall they grieve.

2:39. But those who disbelieve and deny Our Ayat will be the residents of the Fire, They will be there forever.

ALLAH’S FAVOR UPON BANI ISRAEL(JEWS)

2:40. O Children of Israel! Remember My Favor upon you, and Fulfill your covenant with Me and I shall fulfill Mine and fear none but Me.

2:41. Believe in My revelations (Quran) that confirms what I revealed to you (about Prophet Muhammad in your Scripture). Do not be the first ones to deny it nor sell My revelations for a small price, but have fear of Me.

2:42. Do not mix truth with falsehood or hide the truth knowingly.

2:43. And perform As-Salat, and give Zakat, and bow down in worship with those who bow down.

2:44.Do you preach righteousness and fail to practice it yourselves, although you read the Scripture? Do you not understand? 

SEEK HELP!

2:45. And seek help in patience and As-Salat. It is a difficult task indeed, but not for the humbly submissive [to Allah]

2:46. Those who are certain that they are going to meet their Lord, and Him they are going to return.

2:47. O Children of Israel! Remember My Favor which I bestowed upon you and that I preferred you to the ‘Alamin(all mankind)

2:48. Have fear of the day when every soul will be responsible for itself. No intercession or ransom will be accepted and no one will receive help.

PROPHET MUSA

2:49.˹Remember˺ how We saved  you from the people of Firon, who afflicted you with horrible torment, slaughtering your sons and keeping your women. That was a severe test from your Lord. 

2:50. And ˹remember˺ when We parted the sea, rescued you, and drowned Firon’s people before your very eyes.

2:51. Then We called Moses for an appointment of forty nights. You began to worship the calf in his absence, doing wrong to yourselves.

2:52. Then after that We forgave you so that you might be grateful.

2:53. And (remember) when We gave Musa the Scripture [the Taurat] and the standard ˹to distinguish between right and wrong˺ so that you may be ˹rightly˺ guided.  

WORSHIPING OF A COW

2:54. And (remember) when Musa said to his people: “O my people! Verily, you have wronged yourselves by worshiping the calf. So turn in repentance to your Creator and kill the calf-worshippers among˺ yourselves, that will be better for you with your Lord.” Then He accepted your repentance. Truly, He is the One Who accepts repentance, the Most Merciful.

ALLAH’S FAVOR UPON THEM

2:55. And (remember) when you said: “O Musa! We shall never believe in you till we see Allah with our own eyes.” But you were struck with a thunderbolt (lightning) while you were looking.

2:56. Then We raised you up after your death, so that you might be grateful.

2:57. We provided you with shade from the clouds and sent down manna and quails as the best pure sustenance for you to eat. They (children of Israel) did not wrong us but wronged themselves.

2:58. (Children of Israel, recall My favors) when We told you, "Enter this city(Jerusalem) enjoy eating whatever you want therein, prostrate yourselves and ask forgiveness when passing through the gate, and We shall forgive your sins, and add to the rewards of the righteous ones".

2:59. But those who did wrong changed the word from that which had been told to them for another, so We sent upon the wrong-doers Rijzan (a punishment) from heaven because of their rebelling against Allah’s Obedience.

2:60. And (remember) when Musa asked for water for his people, We said: “Strike the stone with your stick.” Then gushed forth from twelve springs. Each (group of) people knew its own place for water. “Eat and drink of that which Allah has provided and do not act corruptly, making mischief on the earth.”

2:61 When you demanded Moses to provide you with a variety of food, saying, "We no longer have patience with only one kind of food, ask your Lord to grow green herbs, cucumbers, corn, lentils, and onions for us," Moses replied, "Would you change what is good for what is worse? Go to any town and you will get what you want."And they were covered with humiliation and misery, and they drew on themselves the Wrath of Allah. That was because they used to disbelieve the Ayat of Allah and killed the Prophets wrongfully. That was because they disobeyed and used to transgress the bounds.

2:62. Verily! Those who believe and those who are Jews and Christians, and Sabians, whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day and do righteous good deeds shall have their reward with their Lord And there will be no fear for them, nor will they grieve. 

SCRIPTURE (TAURA)

2:63. And ˹remember˺ when We took a covenant from you and raised the mountain Tur (Sinai) above you ˹saying˺, “Hold firmly to that ˹Scripture˺ which We have given you and observe its teachings so perhaps you will become mindful ˹of Allah˺.”

2:64. Then after that you turned away. Had it not been for the Grace and Mercy of Allah upon you, indeed you would have been among the losers.

SABBATH

2:65. And indeed you knew those amongst you who transgressed in the matter of the Sabbath (i.e. Saturday). We said to them: “Be you monkeys, despised and rejected.”

2:66. So We made this punishment an example to present and future generations, and a lesson for those who fear Allah. 

SLAUGHTERED OF A COW ( ALLAH BRINGS LIFE TO DEAD)

2:67. And (remember) when Musa said to his people: “Verily, Allah commands you that you slaughter a cow.” They said, “Do you make fun of us?” He said, “I take Allah’s Refuge from being among Al-Jahilun.

2:68. They said, “Call upon your Lord to clarify for us what type ˹of cow˺ it should be!” He replied, “Allah says, ‘The cow should neither be old nor young but in between. So do as you are commanded!’”

2:69. They said, “Call upon your Lord to specify for us its color.” He replied, “Allah says, ‘It should be a bright yellow cow—pleasant to see.’”

2:70. Again they said, “Call upon your Lord so that He may make clear to us which cow, for all cows look the same to us. Then, Allah willing, we will be guided ˹to the right one˺.

2:71. He (Musa)  said, “He says, ‘It is a cow neither trained to till the soil nor water the fields, sound, having no other color except bright yellow.’ ” They said, “Now you have brought the truth.” So they slaughtered it though they were near to not doing it.

2:72. And (remember) when you killed a man and fell into dispute among yourselves as to the crime. But Allah brought forth that which you were hiding.

2:73. So We said: “Strike him (the dead man) with a piece of it (the cow).” Thus Allah brings the dead to life and shows you His signs so that you may understand. 

2:74. Even then your hearts become hardened like a rock or even harder, for some rocks gush rivers; others split, spilling water; while others are humbled in awe of Allah. And Allah is never unaware of what you do.

JEWS (MADE CHANGES TO TAURAT)

˹ISRAELITES˺

2:75. Do you (believers) desire that they will believe in your religion in spite of the fact that a party of them (Jewish rabbis) used to hear the Word of Allah [Taurat], then they used to change it knowingly after they understood it?

2:76.And when they (Jews) meet those who believe (Muslims), they say, "We believe", but when they meet one another in private, they say, "How would you tell them (believers) about what God has revealed to you (in the Bible of the truthfulness of the Prophet Muhammad)? They will present it as evidence to prove you wrong before your Lord. Do you not realize it?"

2:77 Do they(Jew) not know that Allah is aware of what they conceal and what they reveal? 

2:78. And there are among them (Jews) unlettered people, who know not the Book, but they trust upon false desires and they but guess.

2:79. Then woe to those who write the Book with their own hands and then say, “This is from Allah,” to purchase with it a little price! Woe to them for what their hands have written and woe to them for what they earn.

2:80. And they (Jews) say, “The Fire shall not touch us but for a few numbered days.” Say, ˹O Prophet,˺ “Have you taken a pledge from Allah—for Allah never breaks His word—or are you ˹just˺ saying about Allah what you do not know?”

2:81. Yes! Whosoever earns evil and his sin has surrounded him, they are dwellers of the Fire, they will dwell therein forever.

2:82. And those who believe and do righteous good deeds, they are dwellers of Paradise, they will dwell therein forever.

10 COMMANDMENTS

2:83. And ˹remember˺ when We took a covenant from the children of Israel ˹stating˺, “Worship none but Allah; be kind to parents, relatives, orphans and the needy; speak kindly to people; establish prayer; and zakat.” But you ˹Israelites˺ turned away—except for a few of you—and were indifferent.

2:84. We made a covenant with you that you should not shed each other's blood or expel each other from your homeland. Then you accepted and bore witness to this covenant.

2:85. Yet you murdered each other and forced a number of your people out of their homeland, helping each other to commit sin and to be hostile to one another. When you had expelled people from their homeland and later they had been made captives (of other people), you then paid their ransom (thinking that it was a righteous deed). God forbid you to expel these people in the first place. Do you believe in one part of the Book and not in the other? Those who behave in this way shall reap disgrace in this world and severe punishment on the Day of Resurrection. God is not unaware of things that you do.

2:86. These are the ones who trade the Hereafter for the life of this world. So their punishment will not be reduced, nor will they be helped.

KILLING OF PROPHETS, WORSHIPING COW & DISBELIEF ALLAH’S REVELATION WHATEVER COMES AFTER TAURAT

2:87. And indeed, We gave Musa the Book [Taurat] and We sent messengers after him one after another; And We gave ‘Isa, the son of Maryam, clear signs and supported him with Ruh-ul-Qudus [Jibrael].Why is it that every time a messenger comes to you ˹Israelites˺ with something you do not like, you become arrogant, rejecting some and killing others?

2:88. And they say, “Our hearts are wrapped (i.e. do not hear or understand Allah’s Word).” Nay, Allah has cursed them for their disbelief, so little is that which they believe.

2:89. When a Book came to them from God which confirms what is with them (the fact of truthfulness of the Prophet Muhammad in their Scripture), and, despite the fact that they had been praying for victory over the disbelievers (by the help of the truthful Prophet), they refuse to accept this book, even though they know it (to be the Truth). So the curse of Allah will be upon the disbelievers. 

2:90. How bad is that for which they have sold their own selves, that they should disbelieve in that which Allah has revealed (the Qur’an), grudging that Allah should reveal of His Grace unto whom He will of His slaves. So they have drawn on themselves wrath upon wrath. And for the disbelievers, there is disgracing torment.

2:91. And when it is said to them (the Jews), “Believe in what Allah has sent down,” they say, “We believe in what was sent down to us.” And they disbelieve in that which came after it, while it is the truth confirming what is with them. Say (O Muhammad Peace be upon him to them): “Why then have you killed the Prophets of Allah before, if you indeed have been believers?”

2:92. And indeed Musa came to you with clear proof, yet you worshiped the calf after he left, and you were wrong-doers.

2:93. And (remember) when We took your covenant and We raised above you the Mount (saying), “Hold firmly to what We have given you and hear (Our Word). They said, “We have heard and disobeyed.” And their hearts absorbed (the worship of) the calf because of their disbelief. Say: “Worst indeed is that which your faith enjoins on you if you are believers.”

2:94. Say, ˹O Prophet,˺ “If the ˹eternal˺ Home of the Hereafter with Allah is exclusively for you ˹Israelites˺ out of all humanity, then wish for death if what you say is true!”

2:95. But they will never wish for that because of what their hands have done. And Allah has ˹perfect˺ knowledge of the wrongdoers.

2:96.You will surely find them clinging to life more eagerly than any other people, even more than polytheists. Each one of them wishes to live a thousand years. But even if they were to live that long, it would not save them from the punishment. And Allah is All-Seeing of what they do. 

ALLAH REVEALED QURAN TO MUHAMMAD

2:97. Say (O Muhammad): “Whoever is an enemy to Jibrael, for indeed he has brought it (this Qur’an) down to your heart by Allah’s Permission, confirming what came before it [i.e. the Taurat and the Injeel] and guidance and glad tidings for the believers.

2:98. “Whoever is an enemy to Allah, His Angels, His Messengers, Jibrael and Mikael, then verily, Allah is an enemy to the disbelievers.”

2:99.Indeed, We have sent down to you ˹O Prophet˺ clear revelations. ˹But˺ none will deny them except the rebellious. 

2:100. Is it not (the case) that every time they make a covenant, some party among them throws it aside? Nay! The truth is most of them believe not.

2:101. And when there came to them a Messenger from Allah (Muhammad) confirming what was with them, a party of those who were given the Scripture threw away the Book of Allah behind their backs as if they did not know!

HARUT & MARUT-  TWO ANGELS AT BABYLON

2:102. And they followed [instead] what the devils had recited during the reign of Solomon. It was not Solomon who disbelieved, but the devils disbelieved, teaching people magic and that which was revealed to the two angels at Babylon, Harut and Marut. But the two angels do not teach anyone unless they say, "We are a trial, so do not disbelieve [by practicing magic]." And [yet] they learn from them that by which they cause separation between a man and his wife. But they do not harm anyone through it except by permission of Allah. And the people learn what harms them and does not benefit them. But the Children of Israel certainly knew that whoever purchased the magic would not have in the Hereafter any share. And wretched is that for which they sold themselves, if they only knew.

2:103. And if they had believed, and guarded themselves from evil and kept their duty to Allah, far better would have been the reward from their Lord, if they but knew!

RA’INA BUT SAY UNZURNA

2:104. O you who believe! Do not say (to the Messenger) Ra’ina but say Unzurna (Do make us understand) and listen. And for the disbelievers there is a painful torment. 

PREJUDICE AMONG MUSLIM, JEW & CHRISTIANS 

2:105. Neither those who disbelieve from the People of the Scripture nor the polytheists wish that any good should be sent down to you from your Lord. But Allah selects for His mercy whom He wills, And Allah is the Lord of infinite bounty.

2:106. Whatever a Verse we abrogate(Replacing a ruling with another is called abrogation) or cause to be forgotten, We bring a better one or similar to it. Do you not know that Allah is able to do all things?

2:107. Do you not know that the kingdom of the heavens and the earth belongs ˹only˺ to Allah, and you have no guardian or helper besides Allah?

2:108. Or do you want to ask your Messenger as Musa was asked before (i.e. show us openly our Lord?) And he who changes Faith for disbelief, verily, he has gone astray from the right way.

BEWARE OF JEWS & CHRISTIANS

2:109. Many of the people of the Scripture (Jews and Christians) wish that if they could turn you away as disbelievers after you have believed, out of envy from their own selves, even, after the truth (that Muhammad Peace be upon him is Allah’s Messenger) has become manifest unto them. But forgive and overlook, till Allah brings His Command. Verily, Allah is Able to do all things.

2:110. And perform As-Salat , and give Zakat,Whatever good you send forth for yourselves, you will ˹certainly˺ find ˹its reward˺ with Allah. Surely Allah is All-Seeing of what you do.

MISCONCEPTION OF JEWS & CHRISTIANS

2:111. The Jews and Christians each claim that none will enter Paradise except those of their own faith. These are their desires. Reply, ˹O Prophet,˺ “Show ˹me˺ your proof if what you say is true.”

2:112.But no! Whoever submits themselves to Allah and does good will have their reward with their Lord. And there will be no fear for them, nor will they grieve. 

2:113. The Jews say, “The Christians have nothing to stand on” and the Christians say, “The Jews have nothing to stand on,” although both recite the Scriptures. And those ˹pagans˺ who have no knowledge say the same ˹about people of faith˺. Surely Allah will judge between them on the Day of Judgment regarding their dispute.

2:114. Who does more wrong than those who prevent Allah’s Name from being mentioned in His places of worship(Mosque) and strive to destroy them? Such people have no right to enter these places except with fear. For them is disgrace in this world, and they will suffer a tremendous punishment in the Hereafter.

2:115. And to Allah belong the east and the west, so wherever you turn yourselves or your faces there is the Face of Allah (and He is High above, over His Throne). Surely! Allah is All-Sufficient for His creatures’ needs, All-Knowing.

2:116. And they (Jews, Christians and pagans) say: “Allah has taken a son”. Glory be to Him. Nay, to Him belongs all that is in the heavens and on earth, and all surrender with obedience (in worship) to Him.

2:117. ˹He is˺ the Originator of the heavens and the earth! When He decrees a matter, He simply tells it, “Be!” And it is!

2:118. Those who have no knowledge say, “If only Allah would speak to us or a sign would come to us!” The same was said by those who came before. Their hearts are all alike. Indeed, We have made the signs clear for people of sure faith.

2:119. Verily, We have sent you (O Muhammad) with the truth (Islam), a bringer of glad tidings and a warner (for those who disbelieve). And you will not be accountable for the residents of the Hellfire.

WARNING TO MUHAMMAD (PBUH) & HIS UMMAH

2:120. Never will the Jews or Christians be pleased with you(O’Muhammad), until you follow their faith. Say, “Allah’s guidance is the only ˹true˺ guidance.” And if you were to follow their desires after ˹all˺ the knowledge that has come to you, there would be none to protect or help you against Allah.

2:121.Those We have given the Book follow it as it should be followed. It is they who ˹truly˺ believe in it. As for those who reject it, it is they who are the losers. 

2:122. O Children of Israel! Remember My Favor which I bestowed upon you and that I preferred you to the ‘Alamin 

2:123. Have fear of the day when every soul will be responsible for itself, no ransom will be accepted for it, no intercession will be of any benefit to it and no one will receive any help.

PROPHET IBRAHIM-FOUNDATION OF KA’BAH

2:124. ˹Remember˺ when Ibrahim was tested by his Lord with ˹certain˺ commandments, which he fulfilled. Allah said, “Verily, I am going to make you a leader (Prophet) of mankind.” Ibrahim said, “What about my offspring?.” (Allah) said, “My Covenant (Prophethood, etc.) does not  include the wrongdoers..”

2:125. And (remember) when We made the House (the Ka’bah) a place of resort for mankind and a place of safety. And take you (people) the Maqam (place) of Ibrahim as a place of prayer, and We commanded Ibrahim and Ismail that they should purify My House for those who visit it, or staying (I’tikaf), or bowing or prostrating themselves (there, in prayer).

2:126. And (remember) when Ibrahim said, “My Lord, make this city (Makkah) a place of security and provide its people with fruits, those among them who believe in Allah and the Last Day.” He (Allah) answered: “As for those who disbelieve, I will let them enjoy themselves for a little while, then I shall condemn him to the torment of the Fire, and worst indeed is that destination!”

2:127. And (remember) when Ibrahim and (his son) Isma’il were raising the foundations of the House (the Ka’bah), (saying),                                

 رَبَّنَا تَقَبَّلْ مِنَّآ إِنَّكَ أَنتَ ٱلسَّمِيعُ ٱلْعَلِيمُ

 “Our Lord! Accept (this service) from us. Verily! You are the All-Hearer, the All-Knower.”

2:128 رَبَّنَا وَٱجْعَلْنَا مُسْلِمَيْنِ لَكَ وَمِن ذُرِّيَّتِنَآ أُمَّةًۭ مُّسْلِمَةًۭ لَّكَ وَأَرِنَا مَنَاسِكَنَا وَتُبْ عَلَيْنَآ  إِنَّكَ أَنتَ ٱلتَّوَّابُ ٱلرَّحِيم

 “Our Lord! Make us both ˹fully˺ submit to You and from our descendants a nation that will submit to you and show us our rituals, and accept our repentance. Truly, You are the One Who accepts repentance, the Most Merciful.

2:129.Our Lord! Raise from among them a messenger who will recite to them Your revelations, teach them the Book and wisdom, and purify them. Indeed, You ˹alone˺ are the Almighty, All-Wise.” 

PROPHET IBRAHIM

2:130. And who turns away from the religion of Ibrahim except him who befools himself? Truly, We chose him in this world and verily, in the Hereafter he will be among the righteous.

2:131. When his Lord said to him (Ibrahim), “Submit!” He said, “I have submitted myself to the Lord of the ‘Alamin.”

TRUE RELIGION- ISLAM

2:132. And this (submission) was advised by Ibrahim upon his sons and by Ya’qub, (saying),  “O my sons! Allah has chosen for you the (true) religion, so do not die except in ˹a state of full˺ submission .”

PROPHET YAQUB’S ADVICE TO HIS CHILDREN

2:133. Or were you witnesses when death approached Yaqub, when he said to his sons, "What will you worship after me?" They said, "We will worship your God and the God of your fathers, Ibrahim and Ismail and Ishaque - one God. And we are Muslims [in submission] to Him."

2:134. That was a nation who has passed away. They shall receive the reward of what they earned and you of what you earn. And you will not be asked what they used to do.

RELIGION OF PROPHET IBRAHIM

2:135. And they say, “Be Jews or Christians, then you will be guided.” Say (O Muhammad), “Nay, (We follow) only the religion of Ibrahim, and he was not of Al-Mushrikun 

2:136. Say (O Muslims), “We believe in Allah and that which has been sent down to us and that which has been sent down to Ibrahim, Isma’il , Ishaque , Ya’qub, and to Al-Asbat [the twelve sons of Ya’qub], and that which has been given to Musa and ‘Isa, and that which has been given to the Prophets from their Lord. We make no distinction between any of them, and to Him we have submitted (in Islam).”

2:137. So if they believe in which you believe, then they are rightly guided, but if they turn away, then they are only in opposition. So Allah will suffice you against them. And He is the All-Hearer, the All-Knower.

2:138. Our religion is the Religion of Allah (Islam) and which (religion) can be better than Allah’s? And we are His worshippers. 

2:139. Say (O Muhammad to the Jews and Christians), “Would you dispute with us about Allah while He is our Lord and your Lord? And we are to be rewarded for our deeds and you for your deeds. And we are sincere to Him in worship and obedience. 

2:140. Do you claim that Ibrahim , Isma’il, Ishaque, Ya’qub and Al-Asbat [the twelve sons of Ya’qub] were Jews or Christians? Say, “Who is more knowledgeable: you or Allah?” Who does more wrong than those who hide the testimony they received from Allah? And Allah is never unaware of what you do.

2:141. That was a nation who has passed away. They shall receive the reward of what they earned and you of what you earn. And you will not be asked what they used to do.

END OF FIRST CHAPTER

CHANGE OF QIBLA (DIRECTION)

2:142. The fools (pagans, hypocrites) among the people will say, “What has turned them from their Qiblah to which they were used to face in prayer.” Say, (O Muhammad ) “To Allah belong both, east and the west. He guides whom He wills to a Straight Way.”

2:143. Thus We have made you [true Muslims] a (just) nation, that you be witnesses over mankind and the Messenger (Muhammad ) be a witness over you. And We made the Qiblah which you used to face, only to test those who followed the Messenger (Muhammad ) from those who would turn away. Indeed it was great (heavy) except for those whom Allah guided. And Allah would never make your faith (prayers) to be lost Truly, Allah is full of kindness, the Most Merciful towards mankind.

2:144. Verily! We have seen the turning of your (Muhammad’s ) face towards the heaven. Surely, We shall turn you to a Qiblah (prayer direction) that shall please you, so turn your face in the direction of Al-Masjid- al-Haram (at Makkah). And wherever you people are, turn your faces (in prayer) in that direction. Certainly, the people who were given the Scriptures (i.e. Jews and the Christians) know well that, that (your turning towards the direction of the Ka’bah at Makkah in prayers) is the truth from their Lord. And Allah is not unaware of what they do.

2:145. And even if you were to bring to the people of the Scripture (Jews and Christians) all the Ayat, they would not follow your Qiblah, nor are you going to follow their Qiblah. And they will not follow each other’s Qiblah. Verily, if you follow their desires after that which you have received of knowledge (from Allah), then indeed you will be one of the Zalimun 

2:146. Those to whom We gave the Scripture (Jews and Christians) recognise him (Muhammad  or the Ka’bah at Makkah) as they recognise their sons. But verily, a party of them conceal the truth while they know it.

2:147. (This is) the truth from your Lord. So be you not one of those who doubt.

2:148. For every nation there is a direction to which they face (in their prayers). So hasten towards all that is good. Wherever you may be, Allah will bring you together (on the Day of Resurrection). Truly, Allah is Able to do all things.

2:149. Wherever you are ˹O Prophet˺, turn your face towards the Sacred Mosque. This is certainly the truth from your Lord. And Allah is never unaware of what you ˹all˺ do.

2:150. Wherever you are ˹O Prophet˺, turn your face towards the Sacred Mosque. And wherever you ˹believers˺ are, face towards it, so that people will have no argument against you, except the wrongdoers among them. Do not fear them; fear Me, so that I may ˹continue to˺ perfect My favor upon you and so you may be ˹rightly˺ guided.

2:151. As We have sent among you a Messenger  from among you, reciting to you Our Verses (the Qur’an) and purifies you, and teaching you the Book (the Qur’an) and the wisdom, teaches you that which you did not know

2:152. So remember Me. I will remember you, and be grateful to Me and never be ungrateful.

2:153. O you who believe! Seek help in patience and As-Salat (the prayer). Truly! Allah is with As-Sabirin.

MARTYRED

2:154. Never say that those martyred in the cause of Allah are dead—in fact, they are alive! But you are unaware of them.

ALLAH WILL TEST YOU

2:155. And certainly, We shall test you with something of fear, hunger, loss of wealth, lives and fruits, but give glad tidings to As-Sabirin(one who show patience)

2:156. Who, when afflicted with difficulty, Says: “Truly! To Allah we belong and truly, to Him we shall return.”

2:157. They are the ones who will receive Allah’s blessings and mercy. And it is they who are ˹rightly˺ guided.

HAJJ

2:158. Indeed! As-Safa and Al-Marwah (two mountains in Makkah) are of the Symbols of Allah. So there is no blame on him who performs Hajj or ‘Umrah of the House to perform the going (Tawaf) between them. And whoever does good willingly, then verily, Allah is truly Appreciative, All-Knowing.

THEY HIDE CLEAR PROOFS

2:159. Verily, those who hide the clear proofs, evidence and the guidance, which We have sent down, after We have made it clear for the people in the Book, they are the ones cursed by Allah and cursed by the cursors.

2:160. Except those who repent and do righteous deeds, and openly declare (the truth which they concealed). Those, I will accept their repentance. And I am the One Who accepts repentance, the Most Merciful.

2:161. Verily, those who disbelieve, and die while they are disbelievers, it is they on whom is the Curse of Allah and of the angels and of mankind, combined.

2:162. They will be in Hell forever. Their punishment will not be lightened, nor will they be delayed ˹from it˺.

ONLY ONE GOD

2:163. And your God is ˹only˺ One God. There is no God ˹worthy of worship˺ except Him—the Most Compassionate, Most Merciful.

SIGNS OF ALLAH

2:164. Verily! In the creation of the heavens and the earth, and in the alternation of night and day, and the ships which sail in the sea for the benefit of the mankind, and the water (rain) which Allah sends down from the sky and makes the earth alive after its death, and the moving (living) creatures of all kinds that He has scattered therein, and in the veering of winds and clouds which are held between the sky and the earth, are indeed Ayat for people of understanding.

SHIRK

2:165. And of mankind are some who take (for worship) others besides Allah as equal (to Allah). They love them as they love Allah. But those who believe, love Allah more (than anything else). If only, those who do wrong could see, when they will see the torment, that all power belongs to Allah and that Allah is Severe in punishment.

2:166. When those who were followed, disown those who followed (them), and they see the torment, then all their relations will be cut off from them.

ONE MORE CHANCE

2:167. And those who followed will say: “If only we had one more chance to return (to the worldly life), we would disown them as they have disowned us.” Thus Allah will show them their deeds as regrets for them. And they will never get out of the Fire .

DO NOT FOLLOW SHAITAN

2:168. O mankind! Eat of that which is lawful and good on the earth, and follow not the footsteps of Shaitan. Verily, he is to you an open enemy.

2:169. [Shaitan] He tries to make you do evil and shameful things and speak against Allah without knowledge.

DISBELIEVERS FOLLOW THEIR FOREFATHERS

2:170. When it is said to them: “Follow what Allah has sent down.” They say: “Nay! We shall follow what we found our fathers practicing.” (Would they still do that!) Even though their forefathers did not understand anything nor were they guided?

2:171. And the example of those who disbelieve, is as that of him who shouts to the (flock of sheep) that hears nothing but calls and cries. (They are) deaf, dumb and blind. So they do not understand.

LAWFUL & FORBIDDEN FOOD

2:172. O you who believe! Eat of the lawful things that We have provided you with, and be grateful to Allah, if it is indeed He Whom you worship.

173. He has forbidden you only the dead animals, and blood, and the flesh of swine, and that on which Allah’s Name has not been mentioned while slaughtering. But if one is forced by necessity not desiring, nor exceeding the limit, no sin shall be upon him; surely Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.

2:174. Verily, those who conceal what Allah has sent down of the Book, and purchase a small gain therewith (of worldly things), they eat into their bellies nothing but fire. Allah will not speak to them on the Day of Resurrection, nor purify them, and theirs will be a painful torment.

2:175. They are the ones who trade guidance for misguidance, and forgiveness for punishment. How bold they are to encounter fire.

176. That is because Allah has sent down the Book(Quran) in truth. And indeed, those who differ over the Book are in extreme opposition. 

TRUE BELIEVER

2:177. Righteousness is not that you turn your faces toward the east or the west, but [true] righteousness is [in] one who believes in Allah , the Last Day, the angels, the Book, and the prophets and gives wealth, in spite of love for it, to relatives, orphans, the needy, the traveler, those who ask [for help], and for freeing slaves; [and who] establishes prayer and gives zakah; [those who] fulfill their promise when they promise; and [those who] are patient in poverty and hardship and during battle. Those are the ones who have been true, and it is those who are the righteous.

AL-QISAS (Murder)

2:178. O believers! ˹The law of˺ Al-Qasas(retaliation) is set for you in cases of murder: a freeman for a freeman, a slave for a slave, and a female for a female. But if the killer is forgiven by the brother of the killed against blood money. The blood-money should be decided fairly and payment should be made courteously. This is a concession and a mercy from your Lord. But whoever transgresses after that will suffer a painful punishment. 

2:179. And there is (a saving of) life for you in Al-Qisas, O men of understanding, that you may become mindful of Allah..

WILL

2:180.It is prescribed that when death approaches any of you—if they leave something of value—a will should be made in favor of parents and immediate family with fairness. ˹This is˺ an obligation on those who are mindful ˹of Allah˺. .

2:181. But whoever changes the will  after hearing it, the sin will only be on those who made the change. Indeed, Allah is All-Hearing, All-Knowing.

2:182.Whoever suspects an error or an injustice in the will and brings about a ˹fair˺ settlement among the parties will not be sinful. Surely Allah is All-Forgiving, Most Merciful.

FASTING

2:183. Believers, fasting has been made mandatory for you as it was made mandatory for the people before you, so that you may have fear of Allah.

2:184. Fasting is only for a certain number of days. But whoever of you is ill or on a journey, then ˹let them fast˺ an equal number of days ˹after Ramaḍân. And as for those who can fast with difficulty, (e.g. an old man, etc.), they have (a choice either to fast or) to feed a Miskin (poor person) for every day not fasted˺. But whoever volunteers to give more, it is better for them. And to fast is better for you, if only you knew.

2:185.Ramaḍân is the month in which the Quran was revealed as a guide for humanity with clear proofs of guidance and the standard ˹to distinguish between right and wrong˺. So whoever is present this month, let them fast. But whoever is ill or on a journey, then ˹let them fast˺ an equal number of days ˹after Ramaḍân˺. Allah intends ease for you, not hardship, so that you may complete the prescribed period and proclaim the greatness of Allah for guiding you, and perhaps you will be grateful. 

ALLAH IS NEAR

2:186. When My servants ask you ˹O Prophet˺ about Me: I am truly near. I respond to one’s prayer when they call upon Me. So let them respond ˹with obedience˺ to Me and believe in Me, perhaps they will be guided ˹to the Right Way˺.

INTIMACY DURING NIGHTS OF RAMADAN

2:187. It has been made permissible for you to be intimate with your wives during the nights preceding the fast. Your spouses are a garment for you as you are for them. Allah knows that you were deceiving yourselves. So He has accepted your repentance and pardoned you. So now you may be intimate with them and seek what Allah has prescribed for you. ˹You may˺ eat and drink until you see the light of dawn breaking the darkness of night, then complete the fast until the sunset. Do not be intimate with your spouses while you are worshiping in the mosques. These are the limits set by Allah, so do not exceed them. This is how Allah makes His revelations clear to people, so they may become mindful ˹of Him˺.

BRIBERY

2:188. And eat up not one another’s property unjustly, nor give bribery to the rulers (judges before presenting your cases) that you may knowingly eat up a part of the property of others sinfully.

PHASES OF MOON

2:189. They ask you ˹O Prophet˺ about the phases of the moon. Say, “They are a means for people to determine time and pilgrimage.” Righteousness is not in entering your houses from the back doors.(after performing Hajj) Rather, righteousness is to be mindful ˹of Allah˺. So enter your homes through their ˹proper˺ doors, and be mindful of Allah so you may be successful.

JIHAD

2:190. And fight in the way of Allah with those who fight with you, and do not exceed the limits, surely Allah does not love those who exceed the limits.

2:191. And kill them wherever you find them, and turn them out from where they have turned you out. And Al-Fitnah(Persecuting Muslims to abandon their faith) is worse than killing. And fight not with them at Al-Masjid-al-Haram, unless they (first) fight you there. But if they attack you, then kill them. Such is the recompense of the disbelievers.

2:192. But if they give over, then Allah is All-Forgiving, Most Merciful.

2:193. And fight them until there is no more Fitnah (disbelief and worshiping of others along with Allah) and all kinds of worship is for Allah (Alone). But if they cease, let there be no transgression except against Az-Zalimun.

2:194. It is because of their disrespect of a sacred month that you are also allowed to retaliate against them in a sacred month. If any one transgresses against you, you also may retaliate against them to an equal extent. Have fear of God and know that He supports the pious.

2:195. And spend in the Cause of Allah and do not throw yourselves into destruction (by not spending your wealth in the Cause of Allah), and do good. Truly, Allah loves the good-doers.

HAJJ( PILGRIMAGE & UMRAH)

2:196. And perform the Hajj and ‘Umrah for Allah. But if you are prevented (from completing them), sacrifice a Hady (animal) such as you can afford, and do not shave your heads until the Hady reaches the place of sacrifice. If any of you is sick, or injured in his head, he must pay a Fidyah of either observing fasts for three days or giving Sadaqah. Then if you are in safety and whosoever performs the ‘Umrah in the months of Dhul-Hajj, before (performing) the Hajj, he must slaughter a Hady such as he can afford, but if he cannot afford it, he should observe (fasts) three days during the Hajj and seven days after his return, making ten days in all. This is for him who is not a resident of Al-Masjid-al-Haram. And fear Allah much and know that Allah is Severe in punishment.

2:197. ˹Commitment to˺ pilgrimage is made in appointed months.1 Whoever commits to ˹performing˺ pilgrimage, let them stay away from intimate relations, foul language, and arguments during pilgrimage. Whatever good you do, Allah ˹fully˺ knows of it. Take ˹necessary˺ provisions ˹for the journey˺—surely the best provision is righteousness. And be mindful of Me, O  people of reason!

2:198. There is no sin on you if you seek the Bounty from your Lord (profit from trade or business). Then when you leave ‘Arafat, remember Allah at al-Mashʿar al-Ḥarām (Muzdalifah) as He has guided you, and verily, you were, before, of those who were astray.

2:199. Then depart from the place whence all the people depart and ask Allah for His Forgiveness. Truly, Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most-Merciful.

2:200. So when you have accomplished your *Manasik, remember Allah as you remember your forefathers or with a far more remembrance. But of mankind there are some who say: “Our Lord! Give us in this world!” and for such there will be no portion in the Hereafter.

*Manasik:

1. Ihram

2. Tawaf of the Ka’bah

3. As-Safa and Al-Marwah

4. stay at ‘Arafat, Muzdalifah and Mina

5. Ramy of Jamarat, (stoning of the specified pillars in Mina)

6.  slaughtering of Hadya (animal, etc.)

2:201. And of them there are some who say: 

 رَبَّنَآ ءَاتِنَا فِى ٱلدُّنْيَا حَسَنَةًۭ وَفِى ٱلْـَٔاخِرَةِ حَسَنَةًۭ وَقِنَا عَذَابَ ٱلنَّارِ

 “Our Lord! Give us in this world that which is good and in the Hereafter that which is good, and save us from the torment of the Fire!”

2:202. It is they who will receive a ˹heavenly˺ reward for the good they have done. And Allah is quick in account.

2:203. And remember Allah during the appointed Days. But whosoever hastens to leave in two days, there is no sin on him and whosoever stays on, there is no sin on him, if his aim is to do good and obey Allah (fear Him), and know that you will surely be gathered unto Him.

HYPOCRITES

2:204. There are some people whose words about this life may please you. They say that Allah knows what they have in their hearts. But, in fact, they are the most quarrelsome opponents.

2:205. And when he goes away, he strives throughout the land to cause corruption therein and destroy crops and animals. And Allah does not like corruption.

2:206. When it is said to them, “Fear Allah,”sinful pride prevents them from paying heed to such advice. Hell will be their proper place. What an evil place to rest!

2:207. And there are those who would dedicate their lives to Allah’s pleasure. And Allah is Ever Gracious to ˹His˺ servants.

SUBMIT TO ALLAH WHOLEHEARTEDLY

2:208. Believers, submit yourselves to the will of God as a whole. Do not follow the footsteps of Shaitan; he is your clear enemy.

2:209. Then if you slide back after the clear signs have come to you, then know that Allah is All-Mighty, All-Wise.

2:210. Have they decided not to believe until God comes down in a shadow of clouds with the angels ˹If He did˺, then the matter would be settled ˹at once˺. And to Allah ˹all˺ matters will be returned ˹for judgment˺.

2:211. Ask the Children of Israel how many clear Ayat We gave them. And whoever changes Allah’s Favor after it had come to him, then surely, Allah is Severe in punishment.

2:212. Beautified is the life of this world for those who disbelieve, and they mock those who believe. But those who obey Allah’s orders and keep away from what He has forbidden, will be above them on the Day of Resurrection. And Allah gives to whom He wills without limit.

2:213. Humanity had once been one community ˹of believers before they lost faith˺. Then Allah raised prophets as deliverers of good news and as warners, and revealed to them the Scriptures in truth to judge among people regarding their disputes. And no one disputed the Scriptures except the very people who received them after clear proofs had come to them—out of jealousy. Then Allah, by His grace, has guided the believers to the truth regarding those disputes. And Allah guides whoever He wills to the Straight Path.

2:214. Do you think you will be admitted into Paradise without being tested like those before you? They were afflicted with suffering and adversity and were so ˹violently˺ shaken that ˹even˺ the Messenger and the believers with him cried out, “When will Allah’s help come?” Indeed, Allah’s help is ˹always˺ near.

WAYS TO SPEND

2:215. They ask you ˹O Prophet in˺ what ˹way˺ they should donate. Say, “Whatever donations you give are for parents, relatives, orphans, the poor, and ˹needy˺ travelers. Whatever good you do is certainly well known to  Allah.”

JIHAD

2:216. Jihad has been made obligatory upon you ˹believers˺, though you dislike it. Perhaps you dislike something which is good for you and like something which is bad for you. Allah knows and you do not know.

2:217. They ask you concerning fighting in the Sacred Months (i.e. 1st (Muharam), 7th (Rajab), 11th(Ziqad) and 12th(DulHajj) months of the Islamic calendar). Say, “Fighting during these months is a great sin but a greater sin is to prevent mankind from following the Way of Allah, to disbelieve in Him, to prevent access to Al-Masjid-al-Haram (at Makkah), and to drive out its people, and Al-Fitnah is worse than killing. And they will never stop fighting you until they turn you back from your religion if they can. And whosoever of you turns back from his religion and dies as a disbeliever, then his deeds will be lost in this life and in the Hereafter, and they will be the dwellers of the Fire. They will abide therein forever.”

2:218. Verily, those who have believed, and those who have emigrated (for Allah’s Religion) and have striven hard in the Way of Allah, all these hope for Allah’s Mercy. And Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most-Merciful.

HARAM ( Alcohol & Gambling)

2:219. They ask you (O Muhammad ) concerning alcoholic drink and gambling. Say: “In them is a great sin, and (some) benefit for men, but the sin of them is greater than their benefit.” And they ask you what they should donate. Say: “That which is beyond your needs.” Thus Allah makes clear to you His Laws in order that you may give thought.”

ORPHANS

2:220. Upon this world and the Hereafter. And they ask you ˹O Prophet˺ concerning orphans. Say, “Improving their condition is best. And if you partner with them, they are bonded with you ˹in faith˺. And Allah knows who intends harm and who intends good. Had Allah willed, He could have made it difficult for you. Surely Allah is Almighty, All-Wise.”

DO NOT MARRY MUSHRIK MAN OR WOMEN

2:221. Do not marry polytheistic women until they believe; for a believing slave-woman is better than a free polytheist, even though she may look pleasant to you. And do not marry your women to polytheistic men until they believe, for a believing slave-man is better than a free polytheist, even though he may look pleasant to you. They invite ˹you˺ to the Fire while Allah invites ˹you˺ to Paradise and forgiveness by His grace. He makes His revelations clear to the people so perhaps they will be mindful.

MENSTRUATION

2:222. They ask you ˹O Prophet˺ about menstruation. Say, “Beware of its harm! So keep away, and do not have intercourse with your wives during their monthly cycles until they are purified. When they purify themselves, then you may approach them in the manner specified by Allah. Surely Allah loves those who always turn to Him in repentance and those who purify themselves.”

YOUR WIFES ARE FIELD FOR YOU

2:223. Your wives are a field for you, so go to your field when or how you will, and send forth something good for yourselves. And fear Allah, and know that you are to meet Him (in the Hereafter), and give good tidings to the believers (O Muhammad ).

OATH AS AN EXCUSE

2:224. Do not use Allah’s Name in your oaths as an excuse for not doing good, not guarding against evil, or not making peace between people. And Allah is All-Hearing, All-Knowing.

2:225.Allah will not hold you accountable for unintentional oaths, but for what you intended in your hearts. And Allah is All-Forgiving, Most Forbearing.

4 MONTHS WAITING PERIOD BEFORE DIVORCE

2:226. Those who swear not to have intercourse with their wives must wait for four months.  If they change their mind, then Allah is certainly All-Forgiving, Most Merciful.

2:227. And if they decide upon divorce, then Allah is All-Hearer, All-Knower.

3 MONTHS WAITING PERIOD AFTER DIVORCED

2:228. And divorced women shall wait (as regards their marriage) for three menstrual periods, before they can re-marry and it is not lawful for them to conceal what Allah has created in their wombs, if they believe in Allah and the Last Day. And their husbands have the right to take them back in that period, if they wish for reconciliation. And women have rights over husbands (living expenses) similar Men have rights over wifes (obedience and respect) to what is reasonable, but men have a degree (of responsibility) above them. And Allah is All-Mighty, All-Wise.

DIVORCE IS TWICE

2:229. The divorce is twice, after that, either you retain her with honor or release her with kindness. And it is not lawful for you (men) to take back (from your wives) any of your Mahr which you have given them, except when both parties fear that they would be unable to keep the limits ordained by Allah (e.g. to deal with each other on a fair basis). Then if you fear that they would not be able to keep the limits ordained by Allah, then there is no sin on either of them if she gives back (the Mahr or a part of it) for her Al-Khul’ (divorce). These are the limits ordained by Allah, so do not transgress them. And whoever transgresses the limits ordained by Allah, then such are the Zalimun.

HALALA

2:230. So if a husband divorces his wife ˹three times˺, then it is not lawful for him to remarry her until she has married another husband. Then, if the other husband divorces her, it is no sin on both of them that they reunite, provided they feel that they can keep the limits ordained by Allah. These are the limits of Allah, which He makes plain for the people who have knowledge.

RETAIN THEM OR LET THEM GO HONORABLY

2:231. When you divorce women and they have ˹almost˺ reached the end of their waiting period, either retain them honorably or let them go honorably. Do not force them to live with you in suffering to satisfy your hostility. Whoever commits such transgressions, he has only harmed himself. Do not take Allah’s revelations lightly. Remember Allah’s favors upon you as well as the Book and wisdom. He has sent down for your guidance. Be mindful of Allah, and know that Allah has ˹perfect˺ knowledge of all things.

RULING FOR HALALA COUPLE

2:232. When you have divorced women and they have reached the end of their waiting period, do not prevent them from remarrying their ex-husbands if they come to an honorable agreement. This is enjoined on whoever has faith in Allah and the Last Day. This is purer and more dignifying for you. Allah knows and you do not know.

CHILD SUCKLING

2:233. Mothers will breast feed their babies for two years if the fathers want them to complete this term. The father has to pay them reasonable expenses (food and clothing) No soul is responsible for what is beyond its ability. No mother or father should be made to suffer for their child. The ˹father’s˺ heirs are under the same obligation. But if both sides decide—after mutual consultation and consent—to wean a child, then there is no blame on them. If you decide to have your children nursed by a wet-nurse, it is permissible as long as you pay fairly. Be mindful of Allah, and know that Allah is All-Seeing of what you do.

4 MONTHS AND 10 DAYS  WAITING PERIOD FOR WIDOW 

2:234. As for those of you who die and leave widows behind, let them observe a waiting period of four months and ten days. When they have reached the end of this period, then you are not accountable for what they decide for themselves in a reasonable manner. And Allah is All-Aware of what you do.

SHOWING INTEREST IN WIDOW OR DIVORCE WOMEN

2:235. There is no sin on you for showing interest in ˹divorced or widowed˺ women or for hiding ˹the intention˺ in your hearts. Allah knows that you are considering them ˹for marriage˺. But do not make a secret commitment with them—you can only show interest in them appropriately. Do not commit to the bond of marriage until the waiting period expires. Know that Allah is aware of what is in your hearts, so beware of Him. And know that Allah is All-Forgiving, Most Forbearing.

DIVORCED WOMEN BEFORE HAVING SEXUAL RELATION

2:236. There is no sin on you, if you divorce women while yet you have not touched (had sexual relation with) them, nor appointed them their Mahr. But give them ( a suitable gift), the rich according to his means, and the poor according to his means. A reasonable compensation is an obligation on the good-doers.

2:237. And if you divorce them before you have touched (had a sexual relation with) them, and you have appointed them the Mahr , then pay half of that (Mahr), unless the wife graciously waives it or the husband graciously pays in full. Graciousness is closer to righteousness. And do not forget kindness among yourselves. Surely Allah is All-Seeing of what you do.

ASAR PRAYER

2:238. Observe the ˹five obligatory˺ prayers—especially the middle prayer(Asr)And stand before Allah with obedience. 

2:239. And if you fear (an enemy), perform Salat on foot or riding. And when you are in safety, offer the Salat in the manner He has taught you, which you knew not (before).

MAINTENANCE FOR DIVORCE OR WIDOW 

2:240. And those of you who die and leave behind wives should make a testament  for their wives a year’s maintenance and residence without forcing them out. But if they choose to leave, you are not accountable for what they reasonably decide for themselves. And Allah is Almighty, All-Wise.

2:241. And for divorced women, maintenance (should be provided) on a reasonable (scale). This is a duty on Al-Muttaqun. 

2:242. Thus Allah makes clear His Ayat (Laws) to you, in order that you may understand.

2:243. Did you (O Muhammad ) not seen those who fled their homes in the thousands for fear of death? Allah said to them, “Die”. And then He restored them to life. Truly, Allah is full of Bounty to mankind, but most men thank not.

2:244. And fight in the Way of Allah and know that Allah is All-Hearer, All-Knower.

GOODLY LOAN (MONEY YOU SPEND IN ORDER TO PROMOTE OR SPREAD ISLAM)

2:245. Who is he that will lend to Allah a goodly loan so that He may multiply it to him many times? And it is Allah that decreases or increases (your provisions), and unto Him you shall return.

TALUT & JALUT

2:246. Have you not thought about the group of the Children of Israel after (the time of) Musa? When they said to a Prophet of theirs, “Appoint for us a king and we will fight in Allah’s Way.” He said, “Would you then refrain from fighting, if fighting was prescribed for you?” They said, “Why should we not fight in Allah’s Way while we have been driven out of our homes and our children (families have been taken as captives)?” But when fighting was ordered for them, they turned away, all except a few of them. And Allah is All-Aware of the Zalimun.

2:247. And their Prophet (Samuel) said to them, “Indeed Allah has appointed Talut (Saul) as a king over you.” They said, “How can he be a king over us when we are better fitted than him for the kingdom, and he has not been given enough wealth.” He said: “Verily, Allah has chosen him above you and has increased him abundantly in knowledge and stature. And Allah grants His Kingdom to whom He wills. And Allah is All-Sufficient for His creatures’ needs, All-Knower.”

2:248. And their Prophet (Samuel) said to them: Verily! The sign of His Kingdom is that there shall come to you At-Tabut (a wooden box), wherein is Sakinah (peace and reassurance) from your Lord and a remnant of that which Musa and Harun left behind, carried by the angels. Verily, in this is a sign for you if you are indeed believers.

2:249. When Saul marched forth with his army, he cautioned: “Allah will test you with a river. So whoever drinks ˹his fill˺ from it is not with me, and whoever does not taste it—except a sip from the hollow of his hands—is definitely with me.” They all drank ˹their fill˺ except for a few! When he and the ˹remaining˺ faithful with him crossed the river, they said, “Now we are no match for Jalut and his warriors.” But those ˹believers˺ who were certain they would meet Allah reasoned, “How many times has a small force overcome a mighty army by the Will of Allah! And Allah is ˹always˺ with the steadfast.”

2:250. And when they advanced to meet Jalut and his forces, they prayed: 

 رَبَّنَآ أَفْرِغْ عَلَيْنَا صَبْرًۭا وَثَبِّتْ أَقْدَامَنَا وَٱنصُرْنَا عَلَى ٱلْقَوْمِ ٱلْكَـٰفِرِينَ

 “Our Lord! Pour forth on us patience and make us victorious over the disbelieving people.”

2:251. So they defeated them by permission of Allah , and Dawud killed Jalut, and Allah gave him the kingship and prophethood and taught him from that which He willed. And if it were not for Allah checking [some] people by means of others, the earth would have been corrupted, but Allah is full of bounty to the worlds.

2:252. These are the Verses of Allah, We recite them to you (O Muhammad ) in truth, and surely, you are one of the Messengers (of Allah).

END OF SECOND CHAPTER

2:253. We have chosen some of those messengers above others. Allah spoke directly to some, and raised some high in rank. To Jesus, son of Mary, We gave clear proof and supported him with Ruh-ul-Qudus [Jibrael]. If Allah had willed, succeeding generations would not have fought against each other, after clear Verses of Allah had come to them, but they differed – some of them believed and others disbelieved. If Allah had willed, they would not have fought against one another, but Allah does what He likes.

SPEND BEFORE IT'S TOO LATE

2:254. O you who believe! Spend of that with which We have provided for you, before a Day comes when there will be no bargaining, nor friendship, nor intercession. And it is the disbelievers who are the Zalimun.

AYAT-UL-KURSI 

2:255. Allah! La ilaha illa Huwa (none has the right to be worshiped but He), the Ever Living, the One Who sustains and protects all that exists. Neither drowsiness, nor sleep overtake Him. To Him belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on earth. Who is he that can intercede with Him except with His Permission? He knows what happens to them (His creatures) in this world, and what will happen to them in the Hereafter . And no one can grasp any of His Knowledge except that which He wills. His Kursi extends over the heavens and the earth, and He feels no fatigue in guarding and preserving them. And He is the Most High, the Most Great. 

NO COMPULSION IN RELIGION

2:256. There shall be no compulsion in [acceptance of] the religion. The right way has become clear from the wrong. So whoever disbelieves in false God and believes in Allah has firmly taken hold of a strong handle that never breaks And Allah is Hearing and Knowing.

2:257. Allah is the Guardian of those who believe. He brings them out from darkness into light. But as for those who disbelieve, their Guardians are Taghut [false God) they bring them out from light into darkness. Those are the dwellers of the Fire, and they will abide therein forever.

NIMROD 

2:258. Have you not looked at him who disputed with Ibrahim about his Lord (Allah), because Allah had given him the kingdom? When Ibrahim  said (to him): “My Lord is He Who gives life and causes death.” He said, “I give life and cause death.” Ibrahim said, “Verily! Allah causes the sun to rise from the east; So make it rise from the west ” So the disbeliever was utterly defeated. And Allah guides not the people, who are Zalimun.

PROPHET UZAIR (EXAMPLE OF ALLAH GIVES LIFE AFTER ITS DEATH)

2:259. Or like the one who (Uzair) passed by a town and it had tumbled over its roofs. He said: “Oh! How will Allah ever bring it to life after its death?” So Allah caused him to die for a hundred years, then raised him up (again). He said: “How long did you remain (dead)?” He said: “(Perhaps) I remained (dead) a day or part of a day”. He said: “Nay, you have remained (dead) for a hundred years, look at your food and your drink, they show no change; and look at your donkey! And thus We have made you a sign for humanity. Look at the bones, how We bring them together and clothe them with flesh”. When this was clearly shown to him, he said, “I know (now) that Allah is Most capable of everythings.”

FOUR BIRDS--(EXAMPLE OF ALLAH GIVES LIFE AFTER ITS DEATH)

2:260. And (remember) when Ibrahim said, “My Lord! Show me how You give life to the dead.” He (Allah) said: “Do you not believe?” He said: “Yes (I believe), but to be stronger in Faith.” He said: “Take four birds, then cause them to incline towards you (then slaughter them, cut them into pieces), and then put a portion of them on every hill, and call them, they will come to you in haste. And know that Allah is All-Mighty, All-Wise.”

MANIFOLD INCREASE WHEN YOU SPEND IN ALLAH’S WAY

2:261. The likeness of those who spend their wealth in the Way of Allah, is as the likeness of a grain (of corn); it grows seven ears, and each ear has a hundred grains. Allah gives a manifold increase to whom He pleases. And Allah is All-Sufficient for His creatures’ needs, All-Knower.

DO NOT GIVE CHARITY TO SHOW OFF

2:262. Those who spend their wealth in the cause of Allah and do not follow their charity with reminders of their generosity or hurtful words—they will get their reward from their Lord, and there will be no fear for them, nor will they grieve.

BE KIND AND FORGIVE PEOPLE'S FAULT 

2:263. Kind words and forgiving of faults are better than Sadaqah (charity) that may cause an insult to the recipient. And Allah is Rich (Free of all wants) and He is Most-Forbearing.

CHARITIES (FOR SHOWING OFF & SEEK ALLAH’S PLEASURE)

2:264. Believers, do not waste your charities by reminding the recipient of your favor or making them feel insulted, like the one who spends his wealth to show off and who has no faith in Allah or the Day of Judgment. The example of his deed is as though some soil has gathered on a rock and after a strong rain leaving it just a bare stone. Such people can not benefit from what they have earned. Allah does not guide the unbelievers.

2:265. And the likeness of those who spend their wealth seeking Allah’s Pleasure out of their firm and sincere intention that Allah will reward them is the likeness of a garden on a height; heavy rain falls on it and it doubles its yield of harvest. And if it does not receive heavy rain, a drizzle is sufficient. And Allah is All-Seer of (knows well) what you do.

2:266. Would any of you wish to have a garden with date-palms and vines, with rivers flowing underneath, and all kinds of fruits for him therein, while he is with old age, and his children are weak (not able to look after themselves), then a fiery whirlwind hits the garden, burning it all up? This is how Allah makes clear His Ayat to you that you may give thought.

DONATE WHAT YOU LIKE FOR YOURSELVES

2:267. O believers! Donate from the best of what you have earned and of what We have produced for you from the earth. Do not pick out worthless things for donation, while you would not take it [yourself] except with closed eyes. And know that Allah is Self-Sufficient, Praiseworthy.

2:268. Shaitan threatens you with poverty and orders you to commit Fahsha. whereas Allah promises you Forgiveness from Himself and Bounty, and Allah is All-Sufficient for His creatures’ needs, All-Knower.

2:269.He gives wisdom to whom He wills, and whoever has been given wisdom has certainly been given much good. And none will remember except those of understanding. 

2:270. Allah knows all about whatever you spend for His cause or any vows that you make. The unjust people have no helper.

2:271. To give charity publicly is good, but to give to the poor privately is better for you (Allah) will forgive you some of your sins. And Allah is Well-Acquainted with what you do.

2:272. You are not responsible for people’s guidance ˹O Prophet˺—it is Allah Who guides whoever He wills. Whatever you ˹believers˺ spend in charity, it is for your own good—as long as you  seeking the pleasure of Allah. Whatever you donate will be paid back to you in full, and you will not be wronged.

2:273. (Charity is) for Fuqara (the poor), who in Allah's Cause are restricted (from travel), and cannot move about in the land (for trade or work). The one who knows them not, thinks that they are rich because of their modesty. You may know them by their mark, they do not beg of people at all. And whatever you spend in good, surely Allah knows it well.˹

2:274. Those who spend their wealth (in Allah’s Cause) by night and day, in secret and in public, they shall have their reward with their Lord. On them shall be no fear, nor shall they grieve.

RIBA- INTEREST

2:275. Those who consume interest will stand ˹on Judgment Day˺ like those driven to madness by Satan’s touch. That is because they say, “Trade is no different than interest.” But Allah has permitted trading and forbidden interest. Whoever refrains—after having received warning from their Lord—may keep their previous gains, and their case is left to Allah. As for those who persist, it is they who will be the residents of the Fire. They will be there forever.

2:276. Allah has made interest fruitless and charity fruitful. And Allah likes not the disbelievers, sinners.

2:277. Truly those who believe, and do deeds of righteousness, and perform As-Salat , and give Zakat, they will have their reward with their Lord. On them shall be no fear, nor shall they grieve.

2:278. O you who believe! Be afraid of Allah and give up what remains (due to you) from Riba (from now onward), if you are (really) believers.

ALLAH AND HIS MESSENGER DECLARE WAR WHO TAKES RIBA

2:279. And if you do not do it, then take a notice of war from Allah and His Messenger but if you repent, you shall have your capital sums. Deal not unjustly and you shall not be dealt with unjustly.

2:280. And if the debtor is in a hard time (has no money), then grant him time till it is easy for him to repay. And if you waive it as an act of charity, it will be better for you, if only you knew.

2:281. And be afraid of the Day when you shall be brought back to Allah. Then every person shall be paid what he earned, and they shall not be dealt with unjustly.

WRITE AN AGREEMENT AND HAVE WITNESSES WHEN TAKE DEBT

2:282. O believers! When you contract a loan for a fixed period of time, commit it to writing. Let the scribe maintain justice between the parties. The scribe should not refuse to write as Allah has taught them to write. They will write what the debtor dictates, bearing Allah in mind and not defrauding the debt. If the debtor is incompetent, weak, or unable to dictate, let their guardian dictate for them with justice. Call upon two of your men to witness. If two men cannot be found, then one man and two women of your choice will witness—so if one of the women forgets the other may remind her. The witnesses must not refuse when they are summoned. You must not be against writing ˹contracts˺ for a fixed period—whether the sum is small or great. This is more just ˹for you˺ in the sight of Allah, and more convenient to establish evidence and remove doubts. However, if you conduct an immediate transaction among yourselves, then there is no need for you to record it, but call upon witnesses when a deal is finalized. Let no harm come to the scribe or witnesses. If you do, then you have gravely exceeded ˹your limits˺. Be mindful of Allah, for Allah ˹is the One Who˺ teaches you. And Allah has ˹perfect˺ knowledge of all things.

2:283. If you are on a journey and a scribe cannot be found, then a security deposit can be taken. If you trust one another, then ˹there is no need for a security deposit, but˺ the debtor should honor this trust ˹by repaying the debt˺—and let them fear Allah, their Lord. And do not conceal the testimony, for whoever conceals it, their hearts are indeed sinful. And Allah ˹fully˺ knows what you do.

LORD OF THE UNIVERSE

2:284. To Allah ˹alone˺ belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth. Whether you reveal what is in your hearts or conceal it, Allah will call you to account for it. He forgives whoever He wills, and punishes whoever He wills. And Allah is Most Capable of everything.

2:285. . The Messenger (Muhammad ) believes in what has been sent down to him from his Lord, and (so do) the believers. Each one believes in Allah, His Angels, His Books, and His Messengers. They say, “We make no distinction between one another of His Messengers” – and they say, “We hear, and we obey. (We seek) Your Forgiveness, our Lord, and to You is the return (of all).”

2:286. Allah does not burden any soul beyond its ability. He gets reward for that (good) which he has earned, and he is punished for that (evil) which he has earned. 

رَبَّنَا لَا تُؤَاخِذْنَآ إِن نَّسِينَآ أَوْ أَخْطَأْنَا ۚ 

 “Our Lord! Do not punish us if we forget or make a mistake. 

رَبَّنَا وَلَا تَحْمِلْ عَلَيْنَآ إِصْرًۭا كَمَا حَمَلْتَهُۥ عَلَى ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِنَا

Our Lord! Do not place a burden on us like the one you placed on those before us.

رَبَّنَا وَلَا تُحَمِّلْنَا مَا لَا طَاقَةَ لَنَا بِهِۦ ۖ وَٱعْفُ عَنَّا وَٱغْفِرْ لَنَا وَٱرْحَمْنَآ ۚ أَنتَ مَوْلَىٰنَا فَٱنصُرْنَا عَلَى ٱلْقَوْمِ ٱلْكَـٰفِرِينَ

Our Lord, Do not burden us with what we cannot bear. Ignore and forgive our sins. Have mercy on us. You are our Lord. Help us against the unbelievers.

Online Sources: Citations

https://quran.com/1

https://corpus.quran.com/translation.jsp?chapter=1&verse=1

https://noblequran.com/